Well, plan is rather clear, so let's just go step by step and see what options do you have:
Prague to Brno: simple and easy domestic Czech connection. Multiple direct train connections and tickets start from just 180 CZK (if purchased in advance via
Czech Railways eShop). Also available buses -
here you can check schedules and companies/fares
Brno to Budapest: few direct connections per day, train tickets Brno-Budapest start from only 14 euro (it's discounted tickets sold in limited number per departure, so better to purchase it in advance via mentioned above Czech Railways eShop)
Budapest to Ljubljana: unfortunately direct train was canceled some time ago, so nowadays there is only through carriages via Croatia (de-facto it's still direct connection, but carriages get reattached from one train to another in Zagreb). One-way ticket Budapest-Ljubljana is 39 euro, no need to buy it in advance, because price is always the same
Ljubljana to Lake Bled: depends on where exactly you need to be, but you can catch domestic Slovenian train from Ljubljana to station Lesce-Bled (from 40 min. to 1 hour journey depending on train type, tickets from 4,8 euro), station located just few km from town Bled. Or you can always take a bus (bus station & train station in Ljubljana are on the same square) directly to Bled
Lake Bled to Venice: there is no direct train here, but we would still suggest you to travel by rail with one change (Nova Gorica). In order to do so you'll need to catch local train from the station Bled Jezero (again few km from town Bled, but now in the opposite direction), journey Bled Jezero-Nova Gorica is roughly 1:45 & 6,22 euro,
scenery is just stunning over there. While Nova Gorica is basically one town with Italian Gorizia, so you just get from Nova Gorica train station to italian side - Gorizia train station (either half an hour walk or short bus ride on town bus). From Gorizia train station you can catch direct train to Venice (journey will take a bit more than 2 hours and cost 13,65), no need to buy any tickets in advance
Venice to Florence: fastest and most convenient option here is to catch one of the multiple direct high-speed train (few per hour during the day), that way you can reach Florence in roughly 2 hours and pay as low as 9 euro for the ticket. Obviously such low fares go with discounted tickets purchased in advance via
TrenItalia website (full fare standard tickets start from 45 euro on Frecci high-speed trains or 27 on InterCity trains). Also since last year there is new private rail operator in Italy called
Italo, sometimes they have better fare for certain time slots, so you can check out them as well.
Florence to Rome: basically same thing as above - TrenItalia or Italo trains with tickets purchased in advance is best & cheapest option. However here you also can get slower regional train, which is much cheaper than full standard fare tickets for any high-speed trains, obviously this is option to consider only in case you can't buy tickets in advance, but don't want to overpay purchasing it right before departure.
Rome to Paris: well, now there is a direct overnight Thello train (19:30-10:18) with discounted tickets starting from only 35 euro, but from the new European timetable (Dec.15) it's apparently gets canceled and passengers are advice to take high-speed train to Milan and only there board overnight train to Paris. Mentioned above TrenItalia website can sell you tickets for such connection, but maybe you should consider air options (--> multiple low-cost companies with really low fare)
Paris to London: in this case
EuroStar high-speed train is your only choice, journey takes slightly more than 2 hours, while one-way tickets start from only 50 euro/39 pounds. We also have a step-by-step guide on how to purchase tickets using official EuroStar website -
http://europetrainsguide.com/Advice/How-to-Buy-Train-Tickets/EuroStar.htmlAnyways, we suggest you to go through all the info above, check websites and tickets mentioned and if you have any further questions - we are always glad to help
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